In which model does urban growth occur around several separate centers rather than a single CBD?

In which model does urban growth occur around several separate centers rather than a single CBD?

• A. Gentrification
• B. Harris-Ullman
• C. Inclusionary Zoning
• D. Hoyt

Answer: (B)

Growth around several separate centers reflects a polycentric urban form. The Harris-Ullman multiple-nuclei model describes cities that develop around more than one center of activity—secondary business districts near ports, universities, airports, or other hubs—so economic activity and housing cluster in several nodes rather than a single central business district. This happens as transportation advances, land values shift, and different functions locate near specialized amenities, creating a network of centers that are connected but distinct. In contrast, the Hoyt model imagines growth in sectors or wedges radiating from the CBD along transportation corridors, not multiple centers. Gentrification describes neighborhood change and displacement dynamics, not a structural model of city growth. Inclusionary zoning is a housing policy tool, not a description of urban form. So the model that accounts for growth around several centers is the Harris-Ullman multiple-nuclei model.

Growth around several separate centers reflects a polycentric urban form. The Harris-Ullman multiple-nuclei model describes cities that develop around more than one center of activity—secondary business districts near ports, universities, airports, or other hubs—so economic activity and housing cluster in several nodes rather than a single central business district. This happens as transportation advances, land values shift, and different functions locate near specialized amenities, creating a network of centers that are connected but distinct. In contrast, the Hoyt model imagines growth in sectors or wedges radiating from the CBD along transportation corridors, not multiple centers. Gentrification describes neighborhood change and displacement dynamics, not a structural model of city growth. Inclusionary zoning is a housing policy tool, not a description of urban form. So the model that accounts for growth around several centers is the Harris-Ullman multiple-nuclei model.